PSIR 7b. What steps has India taken to regain its foothold in Afghanistan since the Taliban has taken over the country in August 2021? UPSC 2023, 15 Marks
In this dynamic and challenging environment, India's approach to Afghanistan remains nuanced, reflecting its commitment to regional peace and stability while safeguarding its strategic interests.
Introduction
In the wake of the Taliban's takeover of Afghanistan in August 2021, India has recalibrated its approach to maintain its influence in the region. Here are the key steps India has taken:
Diplomatic Engagement:
Continued Diplomatic Presence: India decided to maintain its embassy in Kabul, ensuring direct communication with Afghan authorities and serving as a symbol of India's commitment.
Regional Diplomacy: India actively engaged in regional diplomatic efforts, including meetings with Russia, Iran, and Central Asian nations to coordinate strategies for regional stability.
Humanitarian Assistance:
Humanitarian Aid: India sent humanitarian aid, including food and medical supplies, to Afghanistan through various channels, emphasizing its commitment to the Afghan people.
Security Cooperation:
Security Concerns: India is closely monitoring the security situation in Afghanistan and its potential impact on regional stability, particularly on its interests in Jammu and Kashmir.
Counterterrorism Cooperation: India is working with regional partners to address potential threats emanating from Afghanistan, emphasizing the need for coordinated counterterrorism efforts.
Economic and Development Initiatives:
Chabahar Port: India continues to invest in the development of the Chabahar Port in Iran, which provides an alternative trade route to Afghanistan bypassing Pakistan.
Infrastructure Projects: India is exploring opportunities to continue its ongoing infrastructure and development projects in Afghanistan.
Evacuation of Citizens:
Safe Return of Citizens: India undertook evacuation operations to bring back its citizens, including embassy staff, from Afghanistan, ensuring their safety.
Recognition of the New Regime:
Pragmatic Approach: While not officially recognizing the Taliban regime, India has adopted a pragmatic approach, engaging in limited dialogue to protect its interests and ensure the safety of its citizens.
Engaging International Partners:
Quad and UN: India is engaging with international partners, including the Quad nations and the United Nations, to collectively address the evolving situation in Afghanistan.
Support for Inclusive Government:
Advocating Inclusivity: India has consistently called for an inclusive government in Afghanistan that represents all ethnic and political groups, reflecting its commitment to Afghan democracy.
Cultural and Educational Ties:
Scholarships: India has continued to offer scholarships to Afghan students to study in Indian universities, fostering people-to-people ties and capacity-building.
Future Prospects:
Adaptive Strategy: India's strategy in Afghanistan is adaptive and pragmatic, focusing on safeguarding its interests while navigating the complex and evolving political landscape.
Balancing Act: India seeks to strike a balance between engaging with the new authorities in Afghanistan and advocating for the rights of all Afghan citizens, including women and minorities.
Regional Stability: India's efforts are also aimed at maintaining regional stability, countering terrorism, and promoting economic connectivity in the region.
In this dynamic and challenging environment, India's approach to Afghanistan remains nuanced, reflecting its commitment to regional peace and stability while safeguarding its strategic interests.