PSIR 7b. The main goal of the Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution is to generate civic responsibility among the citizens. Explain. UPSC 2023, 15 Marks

Introduction:

The Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution play a vital role in promoting civic responsibility among its citizens. These duties are enshrined in Part IV-A of the Constitution, under Article 51A, and were added through the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976.

Significance of Fundamental Duties:

Civic Responsibility:

The primary goal of these duties is to inculcate a sense of civic responsibility among citizens towards the nation.

They encourage citizens to actively contribute to the well-being of the country.

Balancing Rights and Duties:

While the Constitution grants various rights to citizens, the Fundamental Duties remind citizens that these rights come with corresponding duties.

This balance ensures that the exercise of rights doesn't infringe upon the rights of others or the integrity of the nation.

Key Duties and Their Significance:

Respect for the Constitution:

Citizens are duty-bound to respect the ideals and institutions of the Constitution.

This duty promotes the rule of law and constitutional values.

Upholding Sovereignty and Integrity:

It is the duty of citizens to defend the sovereignty, integrity, and security of the nation.

This fosters a sense of patriotism and commitment to national security.

Promotion of Harmony:

Citizens are expected to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all people.

This duty emphasizes social cohesion and unity in diversity.

Secular Outlook:

The duty to have a secular outlook discourages discrimination on religious grounds.

It supports religious tolerance and diversity.

Protecting Public Property:

Citizens should protect public property and resources.

This duty encourages responsible use of public assets.

Preservation of Environment:

Citizens are responsible for protecting and improving the natural environment.

This fosters environmental consciousness and sustainable practices.

Developing Scientific Temper:

Encouraging the development of a scientific temper among citizens promotes rational thinking and innovation.

Respect for Women:

The duty to show respect to women discourages gender-based discrimination and violence.

It supports gender equality.

Education of Children:

Parents or guardians must provide opportunities for the education of their children.

This duty underscores the importance of education in a developing nation.

Criticism and Challenges:

Non-Enforceability:

Fundamental Duties are not enforceable by law, which limits their efficacy.

Unlike Fundamental Rights, there are no legal consequences for failing to fulfill these duties.

Subjectivity:

Some duties, like promoting scientific temper or protecting the environment, can be subjective in interpretation.

Awareness and Education:

Many citizens remain unaware of their Fundamental Duties due to inadequate educational initiatives.
There's a need to promote awareness and education regarding these duties.

Conclusion:

The Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution serve as a reminder to citizens that along with their rights, they bear responsibilities towards the nation and society. While they are not legally enforceable, they hold significant moral and ethical value, promoting civic responsibility and contributing to the overall welfare and progress of the nation. Promoting awareness and education about these duties can further enhance their impact in generating civic responsibility among citizens.