International Labour Organisation (ILO) ( UPSC Prelims)

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News Context

 ● 113th International Labour Conference (ILC) wrapped up in Geneva.  
      ○ Discussions focused on key issues related to labor rights and workplace standards.
      ○ Delegates from various countries participated, emphasizing the importance of global cooperation.
      ○ The conference addressed challenges such as employment policies, social protection, and workers' rights.
      ○ Outcomes included agreements on enhancing labor conditions and promoting sustainable employment.
      ○ The event highlighted the need for inclusive growth and equitable opportunities for all workers.

Key Highlights

 ● Adopted Biological Hazards in the Working Environment Convention, 2025 (Convention No. 192): This is the first global framework specifically targeting biological hazards in workplaces.  
  ● Amendment to Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 (MLC): The approved changes emphasize the right to shore leave and repatriation for seafarers, and advocate for their recognition as key workers.  
        ○ The MLC is a binding international regulation, with India ratifying it in 2015.
  ● Decent Work in the Platform Economy: The inaugural standard-setting discussion focused on ensuring decent work conditions within the platform economy.  
  ● Other Initiatives:  
        ○ Formal endorsement was given to the ILO’s tripartite contribution for the Second World Summit for Social Development, scheduled for November 2025 in Doha.
          ○ This initiative, launched by the ILO in 2023, aims to unite global, regional, and national stakeholders to promote social justice through coherent policies and actions.
  ● Indian Government and ILO Collaboration:  
        ○ A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed to advance the International Reference Classification of Occupations (ISCO).
      ● ISCO is a statistical framework that categorizes jobs based on specific tasks and duties, aiding in research and decision-making.  
  ● Global Coalition for Social Justice: The second edition of its annual forum was held alongside the 113th ILC in Geneva.  

ILO

 ● Established: In 1919 by the Treaty of Versailles, which concluded the First World War.  
  ● Foundation: Based on the principle that social justice is crucial for achieving enduring and universal peace.  
  ● Nobel Peace Prize: Awarded to the International Labour Organization (ILO) in 1969.  
  ● Mission:  
    ● Enhance cooperation: Foster dialogue among governments, employers, and workers.  
    ● Set and promote standards: Focus on rights at work, increase opportunities for both women and men, and ensure social security for everyone.