Disaster management refers to the process of planning, organizing, coordinating, and implementing measures to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters. It involves various strategies and actions aimed at reducing the impact of disasters on human lives, infrastructure, and the environment.

As per Gilbert F. White, Disaster management involves understanding and reducing the risk of disasters through land-use planning, resource allocation, and community engagement.

As per Susan L. Cutter, Disaster management encompasses the identification, assessment, and reduction of vulnerability to hazards, considering spatial patterns and social disparities.

According to Gilbert F. White, vulnerability refers to the potential for loss or harm to a population or system due to its exposure to hazards and its capacity to cope and recover.

Risk, as defined by Peter Haggett, is the probability of a hazard occurring multiplied by the potential consequences or impacts it may have on a population or system.

Vulnerability and risk assessment play a crucial role in pre-disaster management as they help identify potential hazards, assess their impact, and develop effective strategies to mitigate risks.

Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is a critical aspect of India's development strategy, aiming to mitigate the impact of natural and man-made disasters. The Sendai Framework for DRR (2015-2030) marked a significant shift in global disaster management strategies, succeeding the Hyogo Framework for Action (2005). India, being a signatory to the Sendai Framework, has implemented various measures to enhance disaster resilience.

Vulnerability is a crucial factor in understanding the impacts of disasters and the threat they pose to individuals and communities. It refers to the susceptibility of a population or system to the harmful effects of a disaster.

According to Gilbert F. White, vulnerability refers to the potential for loss or harm to a population or system due to its exposure to hazards and its capacity to cope and recover.

Disaster management in India has traditionally followed a reactive approach, focusing on relief and rehabilitation after a disaster occurs. However, in recent years, the Government has taken several measures to shift towards a more proactive and holistic approach to disaster management.

As per Gilbert F. White, Disaster management involves understanding and reducing the risk of disasters through land-use planning, resource allocation, and community engagement.