Zoology Optional 2022 Paper UPSC | IAS Paper 1 and Paper 2 Questions | Previous Years Papers (PYQs)

Zoology Optional UPSC IAS 2022 Paper 1

Paper 1 2022 SECTION A

1.Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each :

1(a) Structure of visual organs of cockroach. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

1(b) What is meant by symmetry? Write about different types of symmetry in animals. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

1(c) Structure and functions of endocrine pancreas. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

1(d) "Cnidoblasts as defensive organs in coelenterates". Justify. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

1(e) Evolutionary status of Sphenodon. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

2(a) Explain asexual and sexual modes of reproduction in Paramecium. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

2(b) Write general features of egg laying mammals, pouched mammals and aquatic mammals. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

2(c) Describe different types of scales in fishes with suitable diagrams. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

3(a) Explain habitat, habits, general features and life cycle of Wuchereria. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

3(b) Describe different types of canal system found in porifera. Also mention their functions. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

3(c) Draw a suitable diagram and explain the structure of human eye. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

4(a) Give an account of the origin as well as adaptive radiation of reptiles. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

4(b) Describe general structure of a mammalian tooth. Also, classify mammalian teeth based on their shape, attachment and succession. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

4(c) Describe habitat, habits and general features pf Herdemania. Write a note on its development. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

Paper 1 2022 SECTION B

5. Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each:

5(a) What are ecotones? Explain by giving examples. Also write a note on 'edge effect'. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

5(b) Comment on 'measures of central tendency of data'. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

5(c) Describe principle, working mechanism and applications of gel electrophoresis. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

5(d) 'Conditioned learning' in animals. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

5(e) Klinefelter's syndrome and Turner's syndrome in humans. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

6(a) Describe various types of social groupings in primates. Write a note on importance of social grouping. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

6(b) (i)Differentiate between primary and secondary pollutants. (IAS 2022/5 Marks)

(ii) Explain primary and secondary treatment of waste water. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

6(c) What is Chi-square analysis? Explain its applications in biology. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

7(a) What is meant by biodiversity? Explain various means of in situ conservation of biodiversity. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

7(b) Describe two basic laws of learning. Explain habituation, trial and error learning and latent learning in animals. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

7(c) Write principle, working mechanism and uses of PCR. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

8(a) Mention the causative agent and means of spread of tuberculosis. Also describe symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures of tuberculosis. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

8(b) Explain biological, non-biological and industrial fixation of nitrogen. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

8(c) What is gene therapy? Citing suitable examples explain germline and types of somatic cell gene therapy. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

Zoology Optional UPSC IAS 2022 Paper 2

Paper 2 2022 SECTION A

1. Write your answer in about 150 words for each of the following:

1(a) Draw the structure of a microtubule and explain its role in chromosomal movements during cell division. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

1(b) What is mutation? Write a brief note on various types of point mutations. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

1(c) Give schematic organization of cosmid. Why is it preferred over plasmid for gene cloning? (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

1(d) Explain Hardy-Weinberg law of equilibrium and mention the factors that upset the equilibrium. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

1(e) Write a note on the theory of natural selection. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

2(a) What is rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)? Describe in detail the various modifications of secretory proteins occurring in the lumen of RER. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

2(b) Define endomitosis. Describe in detail the structure of a polytene chromosome highlighting the importance of puffs. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

2(c) What is facilitated diffusion? Describe the mechanism of active transport across the plasma membrane with suitable example. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

3(a) Sketch out a basic transcription unit and illustrate the RNA polymerase II associated assembly of a transcription initiation complex during expression of a eukaryotic gene. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

3(b) Illustrate the steps of constructing a recombinant c-DNA from an m-RNA. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

3(c) Explain the following: 

(i) Stepwise intrinsic mechanism of apoptotic induction (IAS 2022/7.5 Marks)

(ii) Principle of DNA fingerprinting (IAS 2022/7.5 Marks)

4(a) What is fossil? Describe the origin and evolution of horse based on the fossil records. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

4(b) Define variation. Describe different types of variations and their role in evolution. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

4(c) What is biodiversity? Describe the major types of biodiversities found in nature. (IAS 2022/15 Marks )

Paper 2 2022 SECTION B

5. Write your answer in about 150 words for each of the following:

5(a) Define immunity. Explain cell-mediated immune response in vertebrates with suitable diagram. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

5(b) Describe the structure and functions of mammalian placenta. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

5(c) Explain the functions of neutrophils, basophils and lymphocytes. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

5(d) Illustrate the counter-current mechanism by vasa recta and mention its physiological importance. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

5(e) Define biogenetic law. Write the characteristics of Haeckel's theory of recapitulation. (IAS 2022/10 Marks)

6(a) Draw the molecular structure of ATP synthase and diagrammatically explain the chemiosmotic concept of ATP synthesis. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

6(b) Illustrate the following:

(i) A = T and G = C base pairing as a part of DNA double strand (IAS 2022/7.5 Marks)

(ii) Michaelis-Menten kinetic pattern of an enzymatic reaction (IAS 2022/7.5 Marks)

6(c) Explain the cellular mechanism of action of steroid hormones. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

7(a) What are intestinal glands? Describe the roles of intestinal juices in digestion and absorption of food. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

7(b) Define thermoregulation. How do homeotherms regulate body temperature in hot and cold climates? (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

7(c) Draw the structure of retina and explain the mechanism of vision in mammalian eye. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

8(a) What is stem cell? Discuss the types of stem cells and their application in therapeutic uses in human. (IAS 2022/20 Marks)

8(b) Explain the mechanism of spermatogenesis in mammals with suitable diagram. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)

8(c) Describe the hormonal regulation of metamorphosis in amphibians. (IAS 2022/15 Marks)