Zoology Optional 2018 Paper UPSC | IAS Paper 1 and Paper 2 Questions | Previous Years Papers (PYQs)

Zoology Optional UPSC IAS 2018 Paper 1

Paper 1 2018 SECTION A

Q.1. Write notes on the following m about 150 words each: (IAS 2018/50 Marks)

(a) Protestames and Deuterostomes.

(b) Peripatus.

(c) Paedomorphosis.

(d) Status of Sphenodon.

(e) General characters of Cetaceans and Primates.

Q.2.(a) Describe the Integumentary derivatives in Mammals along with labelled diagrams. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) Give an account of the structure and life cycle of Wuchearia bancrofti, Add a note on the pathogenecity and control of the disease caused by this parasite. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c)  What is retrogressive metamorphosis? Give an illustrated account of this phenomenon in Herdmania. Also write a note on its affinities. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Q.3.(a) Describe different larval forms of Echinoderms and comment on their evolutionary significance. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) Explain HPA axis. Draw a transverse section of the Adrenal gland and describe the functions of its different hormones. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c) Give an illustrated account of the life cycle of Plasmodium vivax. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Q.4. (a). Give an illustrated account of different types of mouth parts in insects and write a note on their functional significance. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) Give an account of Migration in birds. Add a note on the problems faced by them during migration. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Q.4 (c) With the help of labelled diagrams only, explain the structure and different stages of the life cycle of Obelia (no description is required). With reference to Obelia, also explain the polymorphism and the status of metagenesis. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Paper 1 2018 SECTION B

Q.5. Write notes on the following in about 150 words each: (IAS 2018/50 Marks)

(a) Ozone layer depletion 

(b) Population dynamics

(c) Endemusm with reference to India

(d) Habituation and Conditoning

(e) PCR

Q.6. (a) What is ecological succession 7 Give an account of the causes, types and general process of ecological succession in nature. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) What is eusocialism? Describe this phenomenon with reference to Honey Bers. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c) What is the systemic position of rice pest? Give an account of its fife cycle and the damage caused by this pest Write a note on the measure for its prevention and control. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Q.7.(a) Give an account of sources, impacts and prevention of air pollution. Comment on Montreal and Kyoto protocol also, (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) What is “Lac-culture”? Explain the methodology employed in lac-culture. Also describe the uses of lac. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c) What is resolution of a microscope? Comment on the principles of SEM and TEM. Describe the structure, working and applications of any one of the electron Microscope in biology. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Q.8.(a) What is biological rhythm? Give an account of its and characteristics. Whal is the role of different factors in their entrainment?  (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) What is Chi-square test? Give a detailed account of the computation of Chi-square for tests of independence, homogeneity and goodness of fit using biological data? (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c) Describe the structure of the pathogen responsible for AIDS. How it is transmitted? Also mention the pathogenesis and prevention of AIDS. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Zoology Optional UPSC IAS 2018 Paper 2

Paper 2 2018 SECTION A

Q.1. (a) What are Euchromatin and Heterochromatin? Explain the events of Heterochromatin formation. (IAS 2018/10 Marks)

(b) What are fossils? Describe the process of fossil] formation and give two methods of determining the age of fossils. (IAS 2018/10 Marks)

(c) Describe the traditional methods of classification of animals. (IAS 2018/10 Marks)

(d) Explain the use of VNTRs in DNA fingerprinting in paternity tests. (IAS 2018/10 Marks) 

(e) Explain the origin and functions of lysosomes with emphasis on different enzymes. (IAS 2018/10 Marks)

Q.2. (a) Describe the role of protein kinases in the regulation of cell cycle. Add a note on the importance of check points. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b)Comment on the following human genetic disorders (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(i) Down Syndrome

(ii) Klinefelter’s Syndrome

(iii) Sickle Cell Anaemia.

(c) With suitable examples, describe how adaptive radiation helps in the evolution of terrestrial! and aquatic animal groups. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Q.3.(a) Describe the structure of plasma membrane according to the fluid mosaic model with emphasis on the role of lipid molecules in maintaining the fluidity of the membrane. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) What are micro, macro and mega evolutions? Explain the terms with suitable examples. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c) Explain the distinctive features of plasmid and cosmid vectors used in recombinant DNA technology. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Q4. (a) Define Isolation. Explain in detail the pre-mating and post-mating isolating mechanisms. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) Explain in detail about the events involved in the transformation of spermatid into sperm, Comment on why you consider these changes as essential, (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c) Explain the phenomenon of X-linked inheritance in Drosophila. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Paper 2 2018 SECTION B

Q.5.(a) Describe the role of Acetylcholine in neuromuscular transmission. (IAS 2018/10 Marks)

(b) Describe the role of fertilizin and anti-fertilizin interactions during fertilization. (IAS 2018/10 Marks)

(c) Define Muscle twitch and explain the features of Summation and Tetanus. (IAS 2018/10 Marks)

(d) Explain the role of pancreatic enzymes in digestion. (IAS 2018/10 Marks)

(e) Who proposed Binomial Nomenclature? Describe the rules of Zoological Nomenclature. (IAS 2018/10 Marks)

Q.6.(a) Describe the role of pituitary and gonadal hormones on puberty and regulation of menstrual cycle. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) Describe the role of visual pigments in daylight and night vision. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c) With particular reference to Gradient theory, describe how polarity is established during embryonic development. Comment on its significance. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Q.7.(a) Describe in detail about the respiratory chain or electron transport during oxidative phosphorylation in Mitochondria. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) Give an account of the impact of drugs on teratogenesis. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c) Whal are fate maps? Describe the methods of fate maps construction with reference to frog or chick. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

Q.8. (a) Describe the role of Calcitonin, Parathormone and Vitamin D3 in calcium metabolism. (IAS 2018/20 Marks)

(b) Describe in detail about the structure and function of Nephron and explain fluid balance regulation through Renin-Anpiotensin-Aldosterone systems. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)

(c) Give an account of the morphological and histological types of placenta. Add a note on the physiological function of mammalian placenta. (IAS 2018/15 Marks)