Vijaynagar and Bahmani PYQs

Vijayanagar Empire

Vijayanagara Empire was established in 1336 by the brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty.

Vijayanagar was ruled by four different dynasties:

1. Sangama dynasty(1336-1486)

2. Saluva dynasty(1486-1506)

3. Tuluva dynasty(1506-1565)

4. Aravidu dynasty(1570-1647)

The Vijayanagara Empire was based in the Deccan Plateau region of South India in the capital city Vijayanagar on the banks of river Tungabhadra.

They were members of a pastoralist cowherd community that claimed Yadava lineage.

At its peak, it subjugated almost all of South India's ruling families and pushed the sultans of the Deccan beyond the Tungabhadra-Krishna river doab region,

They annexed the modern day Odisha (ancient Kalinga) from the Gajapati Kingdom thus becoming a notable power.

Although their power declined after a major military defeat in the Battle of Talikota in 1565 by the combined armies of the Deccan sultanates, they lasted until 1646.

Thus the unity among Muslim rulers was the main reason for their weakening.

The empire is named after its capital city of Vijayanagara, whose ruins surround present day Hampi, now a World Heritage Site in Karnataka.

The wealth and fame of the empire inspired visits by and writings of medieval European travelers such as Domingo Paes, Fernao Nuniz, and Nicholo De Conti.

o Nicholo De Conti visited Vijayanagar durinh times of Devaraya 1 and gave details about his personality.

o Abdul Razzaq from Persia visited during Devaraya 2. He described the beauty of capital city Hampi.

o Domingo Paes and Barbosa visted during Krishnadevraya time.

o Nuniz visted during the times of achyuthdevaraya.

These travelogues, contemporary literature and epigraphy in the local languages have provided ample information about the history and power of the empire.

Efficient administration and vigorous overseas trade brought new technologies to the region such as water management systems for irrigation.

The empire's patronage enabled fine arts and literature to reach new heights in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, and Sanskrit.

Topics such as astronomy, mathematics, medicine, fiction, musicology, historiography and theater were developed.

The classical music of Southern India, Carnatic music, evolved into its current form during this Empire.

Sangam Dynasty:

Harihara Raya was first ruler.

Vijayanagar and Bahamani conflict started during his times.

Bukka Raya ascended throne after harihara.

Bukka’s son Kampa Raya annexed Madurai.

This episode was written by Gangadevi (wife of kamparaya) as Madhura Vijayam in Sanskrit.

He captured revati Dweepa (Goa).

Bukaraya was succeeded by Harihara 2^nd and later Devaraya 1^st came to power.

Devaraya 1^st was the first important king.

He was the first to construct dam across river Tungabhadra.

Devarya 1^st was defeated by Bahaman sultan Feroz shah 1^st.

The greatest ruler of the Sangama dynasty was Deva Raya 2^nd.

He was first vijayanagara ruler to collect tributes from cylon (Sri Lanka).

After his death, Sangama dynasty became weak.

The last king Virupaksha Raya was dethroned by his commander Saluva Narsimharaya 1^st, and he stared Saluva dynastic rule.

Saluva Dynasty

The last king of Sangam Dynasty was dethroned by his commander Saluva Narsimharaya 1^st, and he stared Saluva dynastic rule.

Narasimha raya 2^nd was the greatest in saluva dynasty.

Annamcharaya lived during his time period.

After the death of Narasimha 2^nd, Narasa nayaka installed his son Veera Narsimha on throne.

Veera Narasimha started rule of Tuluva dynasty.

Tuluva dynasty

Veera Narasimha started rule of Tuluva dynasty.

After the death of Veera Narasimha, Krishnadevaraya came on throne.

Krishnadevaraya (1509-1529) was the greatest in this dynasty.

He was a great commander and an efficient administrator.

He fought a series of war with the independent kingdoms that came on the ruins of the Bahamani kingdom, maintained law and order and dealt with the Portuguese influence in the Deccan.

He completely shattered the Adil Shahi forces of Bijapur and attacked Gulbarga and set free three Bahamani princes who were imprisoned there. He helped them in recovering the throne of Gulbarga and Krishna Deva himself took the title of Yavanarajya Sthapanacharya.

He started his eastern campaign in 1513 AD.

Udayagiri was the first fort to be captured by Krishnadevaraya.

He defeated Prataparudra Gajapati of Orissa.

He married Gajapati princess Tukka Devi or Annapurna Devi.

Raichur campaign in 1520 was his last campaign, he defeated Ismail Adil shah.

Portugese governor Alfanso de Alburque concluded treaty with Krishnadevaraya.

In 1510 Portugese captured Goa from Bijapur Sultan.

He was a great patron of literature and art and he was known as ‘Andhra Bhoja’.

Eight eminent scholars known as Ashtadiggajas were at his royal court.

Due the death of his son, Krishnadevaraya received nervous breakdown and passed away in 1529.

After his death, Achyutadeva and Sadashivraya succeeded the throne.

During the reign of Rama Raya, the Bahaman confederacy (combined forces of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, Golkonda and Bidar) defeated him at the Battle of Talaikote in 1565.

Rama Raya was imprisoned and executed.

The city of Vijayanagar was destroyed.

This battle was generally considered to mark the end of the Vijayanagar Empire.

However, the Vijayanagar kingdom existed under the Aravidu dynasty for about another century.

Aravidu Dynasty

Thirumala, Sri Ranga and Venkata II were the important rulers of this dynasty.

Venkata II was contemporary to Akbar.

The last ruler of Vijayanagar kingdom was Sri Ranga III.

Sri Ranga was defeated by Mir Jumla of Golconda in battle of Vandavasi in 1647.

Vijyanagar Empire came to an end with this.

Economic condition of Vijayanagara

Statement ‘D’ is wrong.

The Vijayanagar Empire had a thriving economy.

The prosperity of the Vijayanagar Empire was due to the growth of agriculture, industries, trade and commerce.

The state followed a wise irrigation policy.

Industries were also encouraged by the state.

Commerce was inland, coastal and overseas.

Vijayanagar Empire had thriving inland, coastal, and international trade, which was a major source of general prosperity.

Varaha or pagoda was the gold coin.

One Varaha was equal to two Pertha.

One Pertha was equal to ten Fanam.

Tar was a silver coin.

Jittal was a copper coin.

The main export items were cotton, silk, spices, rice, saltpeter and sugar.

The imports consisted of horses, pearls, copper, coral etc.

<ul><li> 
Vijayanagara Empire
was established in 1336 by the
brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Vijayanagar was ruled
by four different dynasties:</li></ul>

1.  Sangama
dynasty(1336-1486)

2.  Saluva
dynasty(1486-1506)

3.  Tuluva
dynasty(1506-1565)

4.  Aravidu
dynasty(1570-1647)

<ul><li> 
The Vijayanagara
Empire was based in the Deccan Plateau
region of South India in the capital
city Vijayanagar on the banks of river Tungabhadra.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
They were members of
a pastoralist cowherd community that
claimed Yadava lineage.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
At its peak, it subjugated almost all of South India's
ruling families and pushed the sultans of the Deccan beyond the
Tungabhadra-Krishna river doab region,</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
They annexed the modern day Odisha (ancient
Kalinga) from the Gajapati Kingdom thus becoming a notable power.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Although their power
declined after a major military defeat
in the Battle of Talikota in 1565 by the combined armies of the Deccan sultanates, they lasted until 1646.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Thus the unity among Muslim rulers was the main
reason for their weakening.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The empire is named
after its capital city of Vijayanagara,
whose ruins surround present day Hampi,
now a World Heritage Site in Karnataka.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The wealth and fame
of the empire inspired visits by and writings of medieval European travelers such as Domingo Paes, Fernao Nuniz, and Nicholo De Conti.</li></ul>

o  Nicholo De Conti visited Vijayanagar durinh times of Devaraya 1 and gave details about
his personality.

o  Abdul Razzaq from Persia visited during Devaraya
2. He described the beauty of capital city Hampi.

o  Domingo Paes and Barbosa visted during Krishnadevraya time.

o  Nuniz visted during the times of achyuthdevaraya.

<ul><li> 
These travelogues,
contemporary literature and epigraphy in the local languages have provided
ample information about the history and
power of the empire.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Efficient administration and vigorous overseas trade brought new
technologies to the region such as water management systems for irrigation.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The empire's
patronage enabled fine arts and literature to reach new heights in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, and Sanskrit.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Topics such as astronomy, mathematics, medicine, fiction,
musicology, historiography and theater were developed.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The classical music of Southern India,
Carnatic music, evolved into its current form during this Empire.</li></ul>

Sangam Dynasty:

<ul><li> 
Harihara Raya was first ruler.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Vijayanagar and Bahamani conflict started during his times.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Bukka Raya ascended throne
after harihara.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Bukka’s son Kampa Raya annexed Madurai.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
This episode was
written by Gangadevi (wife of
kamparaya) as Madhura Vijayam in
Sanskrit.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He captured revati Dweepa (Goa).</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Bukaraya was
succeeded by Harihara 2nd
and later Devaraya 1st
came to power.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Devaraya 1st was
the first important king.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He was the first to construct dam across river Tungabhadra.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Devarya 1st
was defeated by Bahaman sultan Feroz
shah 1st.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The greatest ruler of
the Sangama dynasty was Deva Raya 2nd.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He was first
vijayanagara ruler to collect tributes
from cylon (Sri Lanka).</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
After his death,
Sangama dynasty became weak.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The last king Virupaksha Raya was dethroned
by his commander Saluva Narsimharaya 1st, and he stared Saluva
dynastic rule.</li></ul>

Saluva Dynasty

<ul><li> 
The last king of
Sangam Dynasty was dethroned by his commander
Saluva Narsimharaya 1st, and he stared Saluva dynastic rule.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Narasimha raya 2nd was the greatest in saluva
dynasty.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Annamcharaya lived during his
time period.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
After the death of Narasimha 2nd, Narasa nayaka
installed his son Veera Narsimha on
throne.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Veera Narasimha
started rule of Tuluva dynasty.</li></ul>

Tuluva dynasty

<ul><li> 
Veera Narasimha started rule of
Tuluva dynasty.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
After the death of
Veera Narasimha, Krishnadevaraya
came on throne.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Krishnadevaraya (1509-1529) was
the greatest in this dynasty.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He was a great commander and an efficient
administrator.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He fought a series of
war with the independent kingdoms that came on the ruins of the Bahamani
kingdom, maintained law and order
and dealt with the Portuguese influence
in the Deccan.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He completely shattered the Adil Shahi
forces of Bijapur and attacked Gulbarga and set free three Bahamani princes who
were imprisoned there. He helped them in recovering the throne of Gulbarga and
Krishna Deva himself took the title of Yavanarajya
Sthapanacharya.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He started his eastern campaign in 1513 AD.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Udayagiri was the first fort to be
captured by Krishnadevaraya.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He defeated Prataparudra Gajapati of Orissa.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He married Gajapati princess Tukka Devi or
Annapurna Devi.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Raichur campaign in
1520 was his last campaign, he defeated Ismail
Adil shah.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Portugese governor Alfanso de Alburque concluded treaty with Krishnadevaraya.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
In 1510 Portugese captured Goa from Bijapur Sultan.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
He was a great patron
of literature and art and he was known as ‘Andhra
Bhoja’.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Eight eminent scholars known as Ashtadiggajas were at his royal court.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Due the death of his
son, Krishnadevaraya received nervous breakdown and passed away in 1529.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
After his death, Achyutadeva and Sadashivraya succeeded
the throne.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
During the reign of Rama Raya, the Bahaman confederacy (combined forces of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar,
Golkonda and Bidar) defeated him at the Battle
of Talaikote in 1565.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Rama Raya was
imprisoned and executed.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The city of Vijayanagar was destroyed.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
This battle was
generally considered to mark the end of
the Vijayanagar Empire.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
However, the
Vijayanagar kingdom existed under the Aravidu
dynasty for about another century.</li></ul>

Aravidu Dynasty

<ul><li> 
Thirumala, Sri Ranga and Venkata II were the important rulers of this dynasty.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Venkata II was contemporary to Akbar.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The last ruler of
Vijayanagar kingdom was Sri Ranga III.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Sri Ranga was defeated by Mir Jumla of Golconda in battle of Vandavasi in 1647.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Vijyanagar Empire
came to an end with this.</li></ul>

Economic condition of Vijayanagara

<ul><li> 
Statement ‘D’ is wrong.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The Vijayanagar Empire had a thriving economy.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The prosperity of the Vijayanagar Empire was due
to the growth of agriculture,
industries, trade and commerce.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The state followed a wise irrigation policy.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Industries were also encouraged by the state.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Commerce was inland, coastal and overseas.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Vijayanagar Empire had thriving inland, coastal, and international trade, which was a
major source of general prosperity.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Varaha or pagoda was the gold coin.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
One Varaha was equal to two Pertha.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
One Pertha was equal to ten Fanam.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Tar was a silver coin.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
Jittal was a copper
coin.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The main export
items were cotton, silk, spices, rice,
saltpeter and sugar.</li></ul>

<ul><li> 
The imports
consisted of horses, pearls, copper,
coral etc.</li></ul>

'विजयनगर साम्राज्य'

विजयनगर साम्राज्य की स्थापना 1336 में संगम वंश के भाइयों हरिहर प्रथम और बुक्का राय प्रथम द्वारा की गई थी।

विजयनगर पर चार अलग-अलग वंशों ने शासन किया:

1. संगम वंश (1336-1486)

2. सलुवा वंश (1486-1506)

3. तुलुवा वंश (1506-1565)

4. अरविदु वंश (1570-1647)

विजयनगर साम्राज्य का आधार दक्कन पठार क्षेत्र में था, जिसकी राजधानी विजयनगर थी जो तुंगभद्रा नदी के किनारे स्थित थी।

वे पशुपालक ग्वाला समुदाय के सदस्य थे जो यादव वंश का दावा करते थे।

अपने चरम पर, इसने दक्षिण भारत के लगभग सभी शासक परिवारों को अधीन कर लिया और दक्कन के सुल्तानों को तुंगभद्रा-कृष्णा नदी दोआब क्षेत्र से परे धकेल दिया,

उन्होंने गजपति साम्राज्य से आधुनिक ओडिशा (प्राचीन कलिंग) को अधिग्रहित कर लिया, जिससे वे एक प्रमुख शक्ति बन गए।

हालांकि उनकी शक्ति 1565 में तालीकोटा की लड़ाई में एक बड़ी सैन्य हार के बाद कम हो गई थी, जो दक्कन सुल्तानों की संयुक्त सेनाओं द्वारा हुई थी, वे 1646 तक बने रहे।

इस प्रकार मुस्लिम शासकों के बीच एकता उनके कमजोर होने का मुख्य कारण थी।

साम्राज्य का नाम इसकी राजधानी विजयनगर के नाम पर रखा गया है, जिसके खंडहर वर्तमान हम्पी के चारों ओर हैं, जो अब कर्नाटक में विश्व धरोहर स्थल है।

साम्राज्य की समृद्धि और प्रसिद्धि ने मध्यकालीन यूरोपीय यात्रियों जैसे डोमिंगो पेस, फर्नाओ नुनीज, और निकोलो डी कॉन्टी की यात्राओं और लेखन को प्रेरित किया।

o निकोलो डी कॉन्टी ने देवराय 1 के समय विजयनगर का दौरा किया और उनके व्यक्तित्व के बारे में विवरण दिया।

o अब्दुल रज्जाक ने देवराय 2 के समय फारस से विजिट किया। उन्होंने राजधानी हम्पी की सुंदरता का वर्णन किया।

o डोमिंगो पेस और बारबोसा ने कृष्णदेवराय के समय में विजिट किया।

o नुनीज ने अच्युतदेवराय के समय में विजिट किया।

इन यात्रा वृतांतों, समकालीन साहित्य और स्थानीय भाषाओं में शिलालेखों ने साम्राज्य के इतिहास और शक्ति के बारे में पर्याप्त जानकारी प्रदान की है।

कुशल प्रशासन और जोशीला विदेशी व्यापार ने क्षेत्र में सिंचाई के लिए जल प्रबंधन प्रणाली जैसी नई तकनीकों को लाया।

साम्राज्य के संरक्षण ने कन्नड़, तेलुगु, तमिल और संस्कृत में ललित कला और साहित्य को नई ऊंचाइयों तक पहुंचाया।

खगोल विज्ञान, गणित, चिकित्सा, कथा साहित्य, संगीतशास्त्र, इतिहासलेखन और रंगमंच जैसे विषयों का विकास हुआ।

दक्षिण भारत का शास्त्रीय संगीत, कर्नाटिक संगीत, इस साम्राज्य के दौरान अपने वर्तमान रूप में विकसित हुआ।

संगम वंश:

हरिहर राय पहले शासक थे।

विजयनगर और बहमनी संघर्ष उनके समय में शुरू हुआ।

बुक्का राय ने हरिहर के बाद सिंहासन संभाला।

बुक्का के पुत्र कंपा राय ने मदुरै पर कब्जा कर लिया।

इस घटना को गंगादेवी (कंपाराय की पत्नी) ने मधुरा विजयम संस्कृत में लिखा।

उन्होंने रेवती द्वीप (गोवा) पर कब्जा कर लिया।

बुक्काराय के बाद हरिहर द्वितीय और बाद में देवराय प्रथम सत्ता में आए।

देवराय प्रथम पहले महत्वपूर्ण राजा थे।

उन्होंने तुंगभद्रा नदी पर बांध का निर्माण किया।

देवराय प्रथम को बहमनी सुल्तान फिरोज शाह प्रथम ने हराया था।

संगम वंश के सबसे महान शासक देवराय द्वितीय थे।

वह पहले विजयनगर शासक थे जिन्होंने श्रीलंका (सिलोन) से श्रद्धांजलि प्राप्त की।

<ul><li>विजयनगर साम्राज्य की स्थापना 1336 में संगम वंश के भाइयों हरिहर प्रथम और बुक्का राय प्रथम द्वारा की गई थी।</li></ul><ul><li>विजयनगर पर चार अलग-अलग वंशों ने शासन किया:</li></ul>
1.  संगम वंश (1336-1486) 2.  सलुवा वंश (1486-1506) 3.  तुलुवा वंश (1506-1565) 4.  अरविदु वंश (1570-1647) <ul><li>विजयनगर साम्राज्य का आधार दक्कन पठार क्षेत्र में था, जिसकी राजधानी विजयनगर थी जो तुंगभद्रा नदी के किनारे स्थित थी।</li></ul><ul><li>वे पशुपालक ग्वाला समुदाय के सदस्य थे जो यादव वंश का दावा करते थे।</li></ul><ul><li>अपने चरम पर, इसने दक्षिण भारत के लगभग सभी शासक परिवारों को अधीन कर लिया और दक्कन के सुल्तानों को तुंगभद्रा-कृष्णा नदी दोआब क्षेत्र से परे धकेल दिया,</li></ul><ul><li>उन्होंने गजपति साम्राज्य से आधुनिक ओडिशा (प्राचीन कलिंग) को अधिग्रहित कर लिया, जिससे वे एक प्रमुख शक्ति बन गए।</li></ul><ul><li>हालांकि उनकी शक्ति 1565 में तालीकोटा की लड़ाई में एक बड़ी सैन्य हार के बाद कम हो गई थी, जो दक्कन सुल्तानों की संयुक्त सेनाओं द्वारा हुई थी, वे 1646 तक बने रहे।</li></ul><ul><li>इस प्रकार मुस्लिम शासकों के बीच एकता उनके कमजोर होने का मुख्य कारण थी।</li></ul><ul><li>साम्राज्य का नाम इसकी राजधानी विजयनगर के नाम पर रखा गया है, जिसके खंडहर वर्तमान हम्पी के चारों ओर हैं, जो अब कर्नाटक में विश्व धरोहर स्थल है।</li></ul><ul><li>साम्राज्य की समृद्धि और प्रसिद्धि ने मध्यकालीन यूरोपीय यात्रियों जैसे डोमिंगो पेस, फर्नाओ नुनीज, और निकोलो डी कॉन्टी की यात्राओं और लेखन को प्रेरित किया। </li></ul>o  निकोलो डी कॉन्टी ने देवराय 1 के समय विजयनगर का दौरा किया और उनके व्यक्तित्व के बारे में विवरण दिया। o  अब्दुल रज्जाक ने देवराय 2 के समय फारस से विजिट किया। उन्होंने राजधानी हम्पी की सुंदरता का वर्णन किया। o  डोमिंगो पेस और बारबोसा ने कृष्णदेवराय के समय में विजिट किया। o  नुनीज ने अच्युतदेवराय के समय में विजिट किया। <ul><li>इन यात्रा वृतांतों, समकालीन साहित्य और स्थानीय भाषाओं में शिलालेखों ने साम्राज्य के इतिहास और शक्ति के बारे में पर्याप्त जानकारी प्रदान की है।</li></ul><ul><li>कुशल प्रशासन और जोशीला विदेशी व्यापार ने क्षेत्र में सिंचाई के लिए जल प्रबंधन प्रणाली जैसी नई तकनीकों को लाया।</li></ul><ul><li>साम्राज्य के संरक्षण ने कन्नड़, तेलुगु, तमिल और संस्कृत में ललित कला और साहित्य को नई ऊंचाइयों तक पहुंचाया।</li></ul><ul><li>खगोल विज्ञान, गणित, चिकित्सा, कथा साहित्य, संगीतशास्त्र, इतिहासलेखन और रंगमंच जैसे विषयों का विकास हुआ।</li></ul><ul><li>दक्षिण भारत का शास्त्रीय संगीत, कर्नाटिक संगीत, इस साम्राज्य के दौरान अपने वर्तमान रूप में विकसित हुआ।</li></ul>संगम वंश: <ul><li>हरिहर राय पहले शासक थे।</li></ul><ul><li>विजयनगर और बहमनी संघर्ष उनके समय में शुरू हुआ।</li></ul><ul><li>बुक्का राय ने हरिहर के बाद सिंहासन संभाला।</li></ul><ul><li>बुक्का के पुत्र कंपा राय ने मदुरै पर कब्जा कर लिया।</li></ul><ul><li>इस घटना को गंगादेवी (कंपाराय की पत्नी) ने मधुरा विजयम संस्कृत में लिखा।</li></ul><ul><li>उन्होंने रेवती द्वीप (गोवा) पर कब्जा कर लिया।</li></ul><ul><li>बुक्काराय के बाद हरिहर द्वितीय और बाद में देवराय प्रथम सत्ता में आए।</li></ul><ul><li>देवराय प्रथम पहले महत्वपूर्ण राजा थे।</li></ul><ul><li>उन्होंने तुंगभद्रा नदी पर बांध का निर्माण किया।</li></ul><ul><li>देवराय प्रथम को बहमनी सुल्तान फिरोज शाह प्रथम ने हराया था।</li></ul><ul><li>संगम वंश के सबसे महान शासक देवराय द्वितीय थे।</li></ul><ul><li>वह पहले विजयनगर शासक थे जिन्होंने श्रीलंका (सिलोन) से श्रद्धांजलि प्राप्त की।
 </li></ul>

Moplah’s rebellion

The Malabar rebellion of 1921 (also called Moplah rebellion) started as a resistance against the British colonial rule in Malabar region of Kerala.

The popular uprising was also against the Hindus.

The British had appointed high caste Hindus in positions of authority to get their support.

Hindu landlords were strict and often overbearing on their paddy workers such as the low caste pulayars.

This led to the protest turning against the Hindus.

Moplah rebellion has no connection with the fall of Vijayanagara Empire.

'मोपला विद्रोह'

मलाबार विद्रोह 1921 (जिसे मोपला विद्रोह भी कहा जाता है) केरल के मलाबार क्षेत्र में ब्रिटिश औपनिवेशिक शासन के खिलाफ प्रतिरोध के रूप में शुरू हुआ।

लोकप्रिय विद्रोह हिंदुओं के खिलाफ भी था।

ब्रिटिशों ने उच्च जाति के हिंदुओं को अधिकार के पदों पर नियुक्त किया था ताकि उनका समर्थन प्राप्त किया जा सके।

हिंदू जमींदार सख्त और अक्सर अपने धान के मजदूरों जैसे निम्न जाति के पुलायर्स पर अत्याचारी थे।

इससे विरोध हिंदुओं के खिलाफ हो गया।

मोपला विद्रोह का विजयनगर साम्राज्य के पतन से कोई संबंध नहीं है।

Medieval History / मध्यकालीन इतिहास

Q 1979, Vijaynagar and Bahmani

What was the important reason for the fall of Vijayanagar Empire?

विजयनगर साम्राज्य के पतन का महत्वपूर्ण कारण क्या था?

Explanation Please wait..

व्याख्या Please wait..

Vijayanagar Empire

'विजयनगर साम्राज्य'

Moplah’s rebellion

'मोपला विद्रोह'

Quick Links

John Doe

Medieval History / मध्यकालीन इतिहास

Q 1979, Vijaynagar and Bahmani

What was the important reason for the fall of Vijayanagar Empire?

विजयनगर साम्राज्य के पतन का महत्वपूर्ण कारण क्या था?

Explanation Please wait..

व्याख्या Please wait..

Vijayanagar Empire

'विजयनगर साम्राज्य'

Moplah’s rebellion

'मोपला विद्रोह'

Quick Links

Question Meta

Ancient History / प्राचीन इतिहास

John Doe