Pitts India Act

•   intended to address the shortcomings of the Regulating Act of 1773 by bringing the East India Company's rule in India under the control of the British Government.

•   It resulted in dual control or joint government in India by Crown in Great Britain and the British East India Company, with crown having ultimate authority.

•   It was passed during Lord Warren Hastings.

Doctrine of Lapse

•   It was an annexation policy followed widely by Lord Dalhousie when he was India's Governor-General from 1848 to 1856.

•   According to this, any princely state that was under the direct or indirect control of the East India Company where the ruler did not have a legal male heir would be annexed by the company.

Vernacular Press Act

●  enacted to curtail the freedom of the Indian press and prevent the expression of criticism toward British policies- particularly Lytton’s Afghan venture

●  The Act was proposed by Lord Lytton, then Viceroy of India, and was unanimously passed by the Viceroy's Council on 14 March 1878.

●  meant to control seditious writing in 'publications in Oriental languages

Ilbert Bill

•   The bill was introduced in 1883 by Viceroy Ripon

•   To abolish the racial prejudice from the Indian Penal Code.

•   Bill allowed Indian judges and magistrates the jurisdiction to try British offenders in criminal cases at the District level.