•   In the beginning of the 20^th century, a new class of national leaders emerged in India which was different from the moderate group.

•   They were typically younger and did not believe in the soft and persuasive approach of moderate leaders.

•   They took a more aggressive stance against the British Empire.

•   Causes of rise of Extremism

o  Failure of the moderate leadership in getting any significant results from British authorities.

o  Suppressive policies of Curzon.

o  The Delhi Durbar held in 1903 when people had not fully recovered from the horrific effects of the famine that killed lakhs of people.

o  Other national movements like in Persia, Egypt and Turkey also motivated the Indian leaders.

o  There was a revival of national pride especially among the educated middle class.

•   Methodology of Extremists:

o  Involvement of masses in the movement.

o  Striving towards the goal of Swaraj and not only reforms.

o  Having pride in Indian culture and history and reviving the traditional Indian cultural aspects e.g Tilak started Shivaji and Ganpati festivals.

o  Due to the non secular aspect of Extremist leaders, the Indian Muslim population didn’t join them in general.

o  No loyalty was offered to the British crown.

o  They believed in confrontation rather than persuasion

•   Lal-Bal-Pal (Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal) and Aurobindo Ghosh are the 4 main extremist leaders.

•   He was the co-founder and first president of Indian National Congress in 1885.

•   He was the president of the Indian National Congress again in the 1892 session in Allahabad.

•   In 1865 when Dadabhai Naoroji founded the London Indian society, Bannerjee was made its general secretary.

•   In 1893, Naoroji, Bannerjee and Badruddin Tyabji founded the Indian Parliamentary Committee in England.