●  Munda Rebellion is one of the prominent 19th century tribal rebellions in the subcontinent.

●  Birsa Munda led this movement in the region south of Ranchi in 1899-1900.

●  The ulgulan (rebellion), meaning 'Great Tumult', sought to establish Munda Raj and independence.

●  The Mundas traditionally enjoyed a preferential rent rate as the khuntkattidar or the original clearer of the forest.

●  But in course of the 19th century they had seen this khuntkatti land system being eroded by the jagirdars and thikadars coming as merchants and moneylenders.

●  Reasons for rebellion:

o  Land alienation which accelerated during the consolidation of British rule.

o  Mobility of non tribal people into the tribal region.

o  Forced labour.

●  The Indigo Rebellion (Neel Bidroho) took place in Bengal in 1859-60 and was a revolt by the farmers against British planters who had forced them to grow indigo under terms that were greatly unfavourable to the farmers.

●  The Moplah Rebellion, also known as the Moplah Riots of 1921 was the culmination of a series of riots by Mappila Muslims of Kerala in the 19th and early 20th centuries against the British and the Hindu landlords in Malabar (Northern Kerala). It was an armed revolt.

●  It was led by Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji.