AkbarтАЩs Relation with Rajputs
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Akbar appointed Raja Man Singh and Raja
Bhagawan Das in the senior position of the Mughal Administration.
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Though the majority of the Rajput states
surrendered to Akbar, the Ranas of Mewar continued to confront even though they
were defeated several times.
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In 1576, the Mughal Army defeated
Rana Pratap Singh in the battle of Haldighati.
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AkbarтАЩs policy towards Rajput was combined
with broad religious toleration.
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He abolished the pilgrim tax and later the
jiziya.
AkbarтАЩs Religious Policy:
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In 1562, he abolished jiziya.
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He allowed his Hindu wives to worship their
own gods.
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In 1575, Akbar built Ibadat Khana
(House of worship) at his new capital Fatepur Sikri and invited scholars
from all religions like Christianity, Hinduism, Jainism, and Zoroastrianism.
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He did not like the intrusion of the Muslim
Ulemas in political matters.
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In 1579, he delivered the тАЬInfallibility
DecreeтАЭ and proclaimed his religious powers.
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In 1582, he propagated a new
religion called Din Ilahi or Divine Faith.
Din Ilahi:
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The new religion believed in one God.
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It had all the good points of every religion.
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It didnтАЩt endorse any philosophy.
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It aimed at bridging the gap that separated
different religions.
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The new religion had only 15 followers
including Birbal.
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Akbar did not compel anyone to join his
new religion.
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However, the new religion proved to be a
failure, after AkbarтАЩs death.
Land Revenue Administration:
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With the help of Raja Todar Mal, Akbar
experimented on the land revenue administration, which was completed in 1580.
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The land revenue system was called Zabti or
Bandobast system or Dahsala System.
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The revenue was fixed on the average yield of
land measured on the basis of previous ten years.
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The land was divided into four
categories:
o
Polaj (cultivated every year)
o
Parauti (once in two years)
o
Chachar (once in three or four years)
o
Banjar (once in five or more years)
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Payment of revenue was made generally in cash.
Mansabdari System:
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Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system
in his administration.
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Under this system, every officer was
assigned a rank (Mansab).
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The lowest rank was 10 and the highest
was 5000 for the nobles.
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Princes of royal blood received even higher ranks.
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The ranks were divided into two
тАУ Zat and Sawar.
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Zat means personal and it fixed the personal status of a person.
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Sawar rank indicated the number of cavalrymen of a person who was required
to maintain.
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Every sawar had to maintain at least two
horses.
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All appointments, promotions and dismissals
were directly made by the emperor.