•   It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia (Republic of Dagestan) to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia and Turkey to the west, and Iran to the south.

•   Baku is the capital and largest city.

•   Kyrgyzstan or the Kyrgyz Republic is a landlocked country in Central Asia.

•   Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and the People's Republic of China to the east.

•   Its capital and largest city is Bishkek.

•   It is bordered by Kyrgyzstan on the north, China on the east, Afghanistan on the south, and Uzbekistan on the west and northwest.

•   Tajikistan includes the Gorno-Badakhshan (“Mountain Badakhshan”) autonomous region, with its capital at Khorugh (Khorog).

•   Turkmenistan is located in the southwest of the Central Asia region.

•   It is bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south, and the Caspian Sea to the west.

•   Uzbekistan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest and north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east and southeast, Afghanistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest.

 ● Capital: Kabul  
  ● Official Languages: Dari and Pashto  
  ● Currency: Afghan Afghani (AFN)  
  ● President: As of August 2021, Ashraf Ghani fled the country; the Taliban took control.  
  ● Geography: Landlocked country in South-Central Asia, bordered by Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and China.  
  ● Major Rivers: Amu Darya, Kabul River  
  ● Mountain Ranges: Hindu Kush, Pamir Mountains  
  ● Economy: Predominantly agriculture-based; major products include opium, fruits, nuts, wool, and handicrafts.  
  ● Natural Resources: Rich in lithium, copper, gold, coal, iron ore, and rare earth elements.  
  ● Population: Approximately 39 million (as of 2021)  
  ● Ethnic Groups: Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek  
  ● Religion: Predominantly Islam (Sunni majority)  
  ● Historical Sites: Bamiyan Buddhas, Herat Citadel, Minaret of Jam  
  ● Recent Events: Taliban regained control in August 2021 after the withdrawal of U.S. and NATO forces.  
  ● International Relations: Member of the United Nations, SAARC, OIC.